People normally, think that keeping marine fish is a difficult task. In some cases this could be true, as saltwater fish needs a little bit more time, work and equipments in comparison to freshwater fish. There are many marine fish varieties which are easier to handle once you're able to understand the correct method of maintaining the saltwater aquarium, and establishing a constant environment.
The Parameters
Marine fish are more sensitive to variations in their surroundings. The fundamental parameters for marine fish tank are pH, salinity, nitrite and temperature. At the time of cycling process, nitrate and ammonia can be a problem. For keeping marine fish someone should be cautious towards the pH of the water, and it must not fluctuate more than 0.2 each day. Majority of the marine life likes pH ranging in-between 8.0 to 8.4. So, it must never drop below 8.0. Other critical parameters like nitrites, salinity and temperature, should be around 20 ppm, 1.022 and between 75F to 80F respectively.
The Components
The basic components for keeping marine fish are synthetic sea salts, filters, lighting, decorations and test kits. Among the most crucial items for saltwater aquarium is the size of the tank, the larger the better. Larger tanks provide more stability and room for mistakes to be rectified; anyway, tanks must never be lower than 20 gallons. Usually, fish enjoy long, wide tanks; the bigger surface area assist in better gas exchange. And always use a good substrate such as crushed coral or marine sand.
Setting Up
The primary step for keeping marine fish is setting up a tank in the correct place and position. Ensure that the stand is equal from all direction; you can usually do this with Styrofoam under the tank. Then, install the filtration, inside the tank or outside, based on the type of filter. Add substrate after rinsing it with clear water and then arrange the decorations. Now the tank is ready for adding saltwater, this could be done several ways either ready mix the synthetic sea salt along with reverse osmosis water or from a purifying unit in the tank or containers but it is advisable to place a plate on the substrate before pouring water into it. Then allow the tank become steady for about two days and keep testing prior to adding live stock.
Aquarium Filtration
Fish kept in tank are confined to a very small amount of water and so contaminants like scraps of uneaten food or ammonia freed from fish's gills, feces raises the toxic level of the water very quickly. Keeping marine fish in such a condition is damaging for proper development of the fish. Regular change of water can aid containing contamination, but maybe impractical due to size and frequency of water changes needed. The best way of tackling this problem is by setting up the finest aquarium filtration you can afford - be it under gravel filtration or wet/dry filtration system.
Selecting the Fish
Keeping marine fish are generally more costly than freshwater fish, so it is extremely important to get them home alive and maintain their long life. Never buy a sick fish, always search for a healthy and vivacious fish in the shop, and check, if any irregular patches, spots or wounds on the body. Torn fins aren't a problem, they will heal up soon, but other indications may kill the fish or even infect other fish of the aquarium. Experienced aquarists suggest that one should always keep a quarantine tank, specially for saltwater fish, skilled aquarists suggest that you must always keep a quarantine tank.
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